Activity Overview
The Judicial Branch deals with all sorts of court cases. Depending on the type of grievance or law broken, there are different types of trials, of which civil trials and criminal trials make up the majority.
In this activity, students will be able to create a T-Chart that visualizes the differences between a civil and criminal trial in the United States court system. Students will research at least three differences between each type of case and describe each alongside a visual representation.
Students may choose to analyze the following:
- Who is the trial between?
- What are the results of the trial?
- Who decides the case?
Extended Activity
For an extended activity, students will create a T-Chart that summarizes a famous criminal or civil trial. Students will need to visualize and summarize the event(s) that led to the trial, the arguments for each side, and the ruling of the court with potential punishments imposed.
Template and Class Instructions
(These instructions are completely customizable. After clicking "Copy Activity", update the instructions on the Edit Tab of the assignment.)
Student Instructions
Create a T Chart comparing Civil vs Criminal Trials.
- Click "Start Assignment".
- In the titles for each cell, identify the differences you will be analyzing.
- In one column, write a summary for each question as it pertains to Civil Trials.
- In the other column, do the same for Criminal Trials.
- Create an illustration for each using appropriate scenes, characters, and items.
- Save and exit when you're done.
Lesson Plan Reference
Activity Overview
The Judicial Branch deals with all sorts of court cases. Depending on the type of grievance or law broken, there are different types of trials, of which civil trials and criminal trials make up the majority.
In this activity, students will be able to create a T-Chart that visualizes the differences between a civil and criminal trial in the United States court system. Students will research at least three differences between each type of case and describe each alongside a visual representation.
Students may choose to analyze the following:
- Who is the trial between?
- What are the results of the trial?
- Who decides the case?
Extended Activity
For an extended activity, students will create a T-Chart that summarizes a famous criminal or civil trial. Students will need to visualize and summarize the event(s) that led to the trial, the arguments for each side, and the ruling of the court with potential punishments imposed.
Template and Class Instructions
(These instructions are completely customizable. After clicking "Copy Activity", update the instructions on the Edit Tab of the assignment.)
Student Instructions
Create a T Chart comparing Civil vs Criminal Trials.
- Click "Start Assignment".
- In the titles for each cell, identify the differences you will be analyzing.
- In one column, write a summary for each question as it pertains to Civil Trials.
- In the other column, do the same for Criminal Trials.
- Create an illustration for each using appropriate scenes, characters, and items.
- Save and exit when you're done.
Lesson Plan Reference
How Tos about Judicial Branch: Civil vs. Criminal Trials
Organize a Mock Trial to Deepen Understanding
Engage students by assigning roles such as judge, lawyers, and witnesses to simulate a civil or criminal trial. This hands-on experience helps students internalize key differences and better understand the courtroom process.
Assign Roles to Students Based on Trial Type
Divide students into groups and let them pick or assign roles relevant to either a civil or criminal trial, such as plaintiff, defendant, prosecutor, or defense attorney. This builds collaboration and ensures each student has a unique perspective on the trial process.
Provide Scenario Cards for Realistic Cases
Create simple case scenarios that reflect real-life disputes or crimes. Hand out scenario cards so students can analyze and prepare their arguments based on whether their case is civil or criminal.
Guide Students in Preparing Arguments and Evidence
Instruct each side to gather facts, prepare statements, and select evidence that supports their position. Encourage creativity and critical thinking as students build their cases using classroom materials.
Facilitate the Trial and Lead a Debrief Discussion
Oversee the mock trial as students present their cases, question witnesses, and deliver verdicts. After the trial, discuss what made each case civil or criminal and reflect on the justice process as a class.
Frequently Asked Questions about Judicial Branch: Civil vs. Criminal Trials
What is the main difference between a civil trial and a criminal trial?
Civil trials resolve disputes between individuals or organizations, often over rights or money, while criminal trials involve the government prosecuting someone accused of breaking the law. The goal in civil cases is compensation or remedy; in criminal cases, it's punishment for a crime.
How can students create a T-Chart to compare civil and criminal trials?
Students can make a T-Chart by dividing a page into two columns, labeling one as Civil Trials and the other as Criminal Trials. For each, they should list key differences, such as parties involved, outcomes, and who decides the case, and add illustrations for each point.
Who are the parties involved in a civil case versus a criminal case?
In a civil case, the parties are typically individuals or organizations (plaintiff vs. defendant). In a criminal case, the government (prosecution) brings charges against an individual or group (defendant) accused of committing a crime.
What are common outcomes or punishments in civil and criminal trials?
Civil trials usually end with the defendant paying damages or fulfilling obligations, while criminal trials can lead to penalties such as fines, probation, or imprisonment if the defendant is found guilty.
What are some famous examples of civil and criminal trials for students to study?
For civil trials, students might research Brown v. Board of Education. For criminal trials, examples include the O.J. Simpson murder trial. Each offers insights into the differences in process and outcome.
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